Deep-learning based 3D segmentation of heterogeneous lizard claw tissue from CT data biorxiv.org 2026-07-28 The accurate segmentation of lizard claws is important as they are materially heterogeneous, comprising both bone and keratinous tissue.
GALR2 W248L mutation exacerbates neuroinflammation through pro-inflammatory macrophage polarization and microglial activation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis biorxiv.org 2026-07-28 Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neuroinflammatory disease characterized by demyelination, neurodegeneration, and progressive neurological disabil
Ribosome-tethered in situ sequencing for single-cell translatome analysis biorxiv.org 2026-07-28 Translational regulation plays a critical role in shaping cellular states and functions, yet approaches for spatially resolved translatome profiling a
The Proposed Bone Post-Arterial Type R Capillaries Resolve into Venous and Fatty Acid-Handling Endothelial Cells biorxiv.org 2026-07-28 Endothelial specialization is increasingly recognized as a fundamental regulator of tissue homeostasis, yet the cellular diversity of the skeletal vas
Cell identities along the proximal-distal and micropylar-chalazal axes in the Arabidopsis heart-stage seed biorxiv.org 2026-07-28 Seeds are complex reproductive organs consisting of diverse maternal and filial tissues.
ERK signaling integrates multiple mechanisms to drive cortical evolutionary expansion biorxiv.org 2026-07-28 A critical first step in human evolutionary divergence from chimpanzees and other primates is the production of greatly increased numbers of cortical
Lotus japonicus CLV1-Like Receptor HAR1 Promotes Nitrogen Utilization and Growth Under Non-Symbiotic Conditions. biorxiv.org 2026-07-28 Legumes establish mutualistic symbiosis with nitrogen (N)-fixing bacteria, which allows them to utilize atmospheric N2.
Hidden genetic diversity in 320 nearly-complete East Asian genome assemblies biorxiv.org 2026-07-28 East Asian populations, representing over 20% of the global population, remain critically underrepresented in human genomic studies, limiting our unde
CARDIAX-NNFE - A Cardiac Mechanics SciML Framework biorxiv.org 2026-07-28 One goal of Scientific Machine Learning (SciML) is to advance traditional scientific computing frameworks with modern machine learning tools.
Mitochondrial Oxygen Consumption Drives Lung Tumor Hypoxia and Resistance to Therapy via Copy Number Alteration in Mitochondrial Electron Transport Subunit NDUFB5 biorxiv.org 2026-07-28 Decades of research have shown that tumor hypoxia is associated with resistance to anti-cancer treatments.
Integrative genetic and structural analyses reveal nitric oxide-driven regulation of ERFVII stability in Arabidopsis under low O2 biorxiv.org 2026-07-28 Nitric oxide (NO) is a key signaling molecule that regulates diverse physiological responses, including adaptation to hypoxia in plants.
Progranulin deficiency perturbs lipid metabolism in white matter microglia biorxiv.org 2026-07-28 Progranulin (PGRN) deficiency is a common hallmark in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) patients with granulin (GRN) mutations (FTD-GRN).
Climbing fibers encode the gradient of a loss function for the cerebellum biorxiv.org 2026-07-28 Neurons in the brain are often many synapses away from motoneurons, yet if a movement results in error, each distant neuron needs a teacher that consi
Exploring the beta burst dynamics of cued voluntary movements in Tourette Syndrome biorxiv.org 2026-07-28 Tourette Syndrome (TS) is a neurodevelopmental hyperkinetic disorder characterised by involuntary tics.
Structured navigation in a goal-directed task reveals flexible spatial coding biorxiv.org 2026-07-28 Animal survival depends on accurate navigation.
Astrocytes instructively regulate neuronal translation biorxiv.org 2026-07-28 Neuronal protein synthesis is essential for synaptic plasticity and long-term memory, yet whether its regulation is shaped by other cell types remains
Language Dysfunction Associated with Pathological Brain Connectivity in Children with Epilepsy biorxiv.org 2026-07-28 Language impairment is common in childhood epilepsy and may arise in part from disruption of the distributed brain networks that support language.
A longitudinal naturalistic fMRI study of trait anxiety and cross-phase consistency in subjective fear signature expression biorxiv.org 2026-07-28 Persistent fear is a central feature of anxiety, but it remains unclear whether this persistence is more closely related to the consistency of conditi
Dissociable Anterior and Posterior Beta-Burst Dynamics Track Thought Disorder in Schizophrenia biorxiv.org 2026-07-28 Background: Thought disorder in schizophrenia reflects disrupted internal model maintenance in predictive processing.
Prolonged developmental programming of somatostatin neurons defines adolescent remodeling of the prelimbic, but not barrel, cortex biorxiv.org 2026-07-28 Higher order association cortices like the prefrontal cortex (PFC) mature over a longer developmental window than sensory cortices, but whether geneti
A causal spatial role for apical dendrites in the cortex biorxiv.org 2026-07-28 Cortical pyramidal neurons project a long apical dendrite to layer 1 (L1), to receive synaptic inputs that are thought to provide contextual and possi
Metabotropic Glutamatergic Signaling Adaptively Controls Trans-thalamic Communication biorxiv.org 2026-07-28 Trans-thalamic circuits link cortical regions through higher-order sensory (HOs) thalamic nuclei to support cognition.
Cytoplasmic DNA Sensing Links LINE-1 Expression to Neuronal Senescence in Alzheimer's Disease biorxiv.org 2026-07-28 Cellular senescence contributes to neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD), yet brain-penetrant senotherapeutic strategies remain limited.
Bacteriocins in archaea and archaeocins in bacteria biorxiv.org 2026-07-28 Archaea and bacteria routinely live side by side in microbial communities and must interact at least on occasion.
Programmable protein reference standards for benchmarking sub-10-nm fluorescence microscopy biorxiv.org 2026-07-27 Fluorescence microscopy is increasingly used to measure molecular organization at length scales where labeling, photophysics and sample preparation ca
Fertility reversibly modulates C. elegans behavior via gonad-nervous system signaling biorxiv.org 2026-07-27 While the external cues that generate behavioral responses have been extensively studied, behavioral changes in response to internal stimuli are much
Multimodal Evidence for the Effectiveness of a Digital Behaviour Change Platform: Behavioural, Biomarker, and EEG Outcomes in University Students biorxiv.org 2026-07-27 Digital behaviour change interventions have emerged as a promising approach for improving health, well-being, and performance, yet relatively few stud
The State of Motion: Demographic and representational consequences of motion-based exclusion in fMRI biorxiv.org 2026-07-27 Large-scale neuroimaging datasets are increasingly used to map relationships between brain structure, function, and behavior across the human lifespan
Sex-Dependent Modulation of Emotional and Cognitive Processes by Prefrontal CB1 Receptors biorxiv.org 2026-07-27 The medial Prefrontal Cortex (mPFC) participates in emotional regulation, decision-making and behavioural flexibility.
Neuropilin-1 functions as a proviral and immunoregulatory host factor during Chikungunya virus infection biorxiv.org 2026-07-27 Neuropilin-1 (NRP1) is a transmembrane glycoprotein involved in angiogenesis, neurodevelopment, inflammation, cancer driven immune suppression, and im
Transcriptional repression by AP2-Sp3 regulates the mosquito-to-mammal infectivity switch in malaria sporozoites biorxiv.org 2026-07-27 Malaria sporozoites are a key developmental stage responsible for mosquito-to-mammal transmission.
Phage VP882 possesses quorum-sensing-driven lytic induction and stress-mediated host growth suppression mechanisms biorxiv.org 2026-07-27 Vibriophage VP882 launches its lytic cascade upon detection of a quorum-sensing autoinducer produced by its bacterial host.
Bacterial nanotubes extend from a tubeosome organelle to establish an intercellular bridge biorxiv.org 2026-07-27 Bacterial nanotubes are widespread intercellular membranous bridges mediating molecular exchange among neighboring cells, yet their formation and dyna
Atypical myxomatosis in European rabbits is caused by the recombinant myxoma virus involved in species jumping into hares biorxiv.org 2026-07-27 Myxoma virus (MYXV), a member of the Leporipoxvirus genus (species Leporipoxvirus myxoma; family Poxviridae), causes a highly lethal disease known as
Pseudomonas aeruginosa co-opts host antibiotic metabolism by pyocyanin induction of cytochrome P450 enzymes biorxiv.org 2026-07-27 The human opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa produces copious quantities of the secondary metabolite pyocyanin (PYO).
Integrative Cross-Cohort Meta-Analysis Reveals a Conserved Dysbiotic Signature of Streptococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae in Multiple Sclerosis biorxiv.org 2026-07-27 Background: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation and demyelination in central nervous system (CNS).
Single-cell transcriptomics resolves the developmental transitions from schizont to invasive extracellular merozoite to ring-stage Plasmodium falciparum parasites biorxiv.org 2026-07-27 The progression from mature schizonts to newly formed ring-stage parasites represents one of the largest developmental transitions in the Plasmodium f
Manganese Ion Inhibits Influenza A Virus Replication by Targeting the PA Endonuclease biorxiv.org 2026-07-27 Influenza A virus remains a major global health threat, with rapid mutation and emerging drug resistance underscoring the urgent need for novel antivi
An integrated design strategy for developing and validating microalgal formulations in common bean and rainfed rice biorxiv.org 2026-07-27 Microalgae and cyanobacteria have emerged as promising resources for sustainable agriculture; however, integrated methodologies for the rational desig
Structural homology reveals cerato-platanins as conserved antimicrobials repeatedly co-opted for fungal host colonization biorxiv.org 2026-07-27 Fungal cerato-platanins (CPs) are small (~12 kDa) secreted proteins broadly conserved across filamentous fungi and implicated in a striking diversity
Hierarchical control of bacterial growth efficiency by substrate and taxonomy biorxiv.org 2026-07-27 Heterotrophic bacteria utilize organic carbon as a source of energy and material for growth.
From sewage to shoreline: Tracing antibiotic resistance gene trends through tropical island wastewater treatment pathways biorxiv.org 2026-07-27 Wastewater is a key reservoir and transmission route for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), enabling their spread from influent to effluent and into
Citrobacter rodentium infection reveals preserved intestinal resilience in aged intestine biorxiv.org 2026-07-27 Ageing is generally associated with increased susceptibility to enteric infection and is widely considered to reflect progressive deterioration of int
Two Novel Rod-Like Circular RNAs from the Oroarctic Tundra Soil Display Candidate Ribozyme-Like Features: An In Silico Characterization biorxiv.org 2026-07-27 The recent discovery of obelisks, novel deltaviruses, and other viroid-like circular RNAs has greatly expanded the known diversity of autonomous RNA e
Conserved and species-specific STIM autoinhibition revealed by AlphaFold3-guided dissection biorxiv.org 2026-07-27 Store-operated Calcium (Ca2+) entry (SOCE), mediated by dynamic STIM-Orai coupling, is crucial for cellular signaling, yet the molecular architecture
GPSNorm: Gaussian Process Spatial Normalization for Spatial Transcriptomics biorxiv.org 2026-07-27 Spatial transcriptomics technologies enable measurement of gene expression while preserving spatial tissue organization, but they remain highly sensit
RIPPLE: replicate-aware detection of cell-type-anchored proximity gradients in spatial transcriptomics biorxiv.org 2026-07-27 Cell-cell signaling shapes tissue structure and function, yet systematically decoding these circuits with spatial transcriptomics remains an open chal
Single-molecule mass measurements uncover shifting RNA interactions during condensate phase transitions biorxiv.org 2026-07-27 RNA interactions are a key contributor to the formation and disassembly of intracellular protein condensates.
Neuropixels 1536 Channel Quad Base probe reveals brain-wide communication underlying flexible sensorimotor sequences biorxiv.org 2026-07-27 The brain orchestrates billions of neurons spanning hundreds of regions to drive behavior.
Structure-function dissection of huntingtin exon 1 identifies a PRD-driven modifier of neuronal toxicity in Huntington's disease biorxiv.org 2026-07-27 The Huntingtin gene (HTT) contains a conserved, yet expandable CAG repeat within exon 1.