Disentangling the temporal signatures of conditioned pupil dilation: Distinct valence- and prediction-error-related components revealed by mega-analysis biorxiv.org 2026-07-21 Pupil dilation offers a sensitive, non-invasive window into the neurocognitive processes supporting human associative learning.
Rat mediodorsal thalamic subdivisions differentially modulate the sensory and affective components of pain through distinct prefrontal pathways. biorxiv.org 2026-07-21 The mediodorsal thalamus (MD) modulates pain through thalamocortical regulation of the mPFC.
Whole-Brain, Region-Specific Astrocyte Reactivity and Morphological Remodeling After Diffuse Traumatic Brain Injury in A Gyrencephalic Ferret Model biorxiv.org 2026-07-21 Traumatic brain injury (TBI) triggers pathological cascades that evolve across acute, subacute, and chronic phases.
Posterior insula oscillations are not modulated by changes in perceived intensity: Evidence from human intracerebral EEG biorxiv.org 2026-07-21 The human insular cortex is involved in a multitude of processes essential for survival, but its precise role in pain perception remains debated.
Experimental validation of graded arithmetic and linguistic working-memory tasks using behavioral and cerebral hemodynamic measures biorxiv.org 2026-07-21 Graded cognitive tasks are relevant only when increasing nominal difficulty produces measurable changes in performance and a convergent physiological
3D genome remodelling underlies PU.1-dependent granulocyte maturation biorxiv.org 2026-07-21 PU.1 is an ETS-domain transcription factor that has critical roles in many aspects of hematopoiesis and immune cell fate and function.
A novel IL-1β reporter assay identifies tolcapone as a caspase-1 suppressor targeting pyroptosis in endotoxemia biorxiv.org 2026-07-21 Unconventional protein secretion mediated by gasdermin D (GSDMD) pores is essential for the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-
Bioactive produced by Enterococcus Faecalis targets IL-23 signalling and protects against colitis and joint disease biorxiv.org 2026-07-21 The IL-23/Th17 axis is a central driver of intestinal and spondyloarthritic inflammation, yet upstream regulatory mechanisms linking microbial signals
A preclinical resistance framework discovers the virulence risks of antibiotics in development biorxiv.org 2026-07-21 Several new antibiotics target multidrug-resistant pathogens, yet resistance is still evaluated mainly by drug-susceptibility, leaving consequences fo
Species-dependent antifungal profiles reveal stronger yeast inhibition by chitosan than by a sulfate-containing polysaccharide-rich extract from Jania adhaerens biorxiv.org 2026-07-21 Yeast infections are becoming an increasing public health concern, mainly due to the spread of opportunistic species and the emergence of strains resi
Rod pathway blockade improves visual function in a mouse model of photoreceptor degeneration biorxiv.org 2026-07-21 Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) refers to a group of inherited photoreceptor degenerations characterized by the initial death of rods and secondary loss of
Environmental history shapes host-associated dynamics of sporulating and non-sporulating bacterial subpopulations during infection biorxiv.org 2026-07-21 Host-associated environments represent ecological contexts that can structure microbial population dynamics, yet their effects on sporulating pathogen
Conserved lifestyle-associated chromosome architectures across mammalian symbionts biorxiv.org 2026-07-21 Bacterial chromosome biology has largely focused on bacteria that are either free-living or facultatively associated with eukaryotes.
Cryptosporidium sequentially remodels its single rhoptry into the host interface biorxiv.org 2026-07-21 The apicomplexan parasite Cryptosporidium is a leading cause of diarrheal disease in young children.
Conserved folds enable immune antagonism across the tree of life biorxiv.org 2026-07-21 Many components of human innate immunity are conserved in prokaryotes.
Salmonella SiiE-mediated apical invasion into colonocytes depends on MUC1 α2,3-linked sialic acids biorxiv.org 2026-07-21 MUC1 is a highly O-glycosylated cell-bound mucin that plays key roles in intestinal mucosal maintenance and microbe-host interactions.
RNA degradation by ribonuclease T2 is required for phosphate homeostasis in S. cerevisiae biorxiv.org 2026-07-21 Inorganic phosphate (Pi) is a critical building block for key biomolecules including ATP, DNA, RNA, and phospholipids.
Evolution of informed dispersal strategies in trophic meta-communities biorxiv.org 2026-07-21 Living organisms move and their movement is both a response to local conditions and, often, the cause of change in those conditions.
The genetic architecture of maize yellow mosaic virus resistance in corn biorxiv.org 2026-07-21 Maize yellow mosaic virus (MaYMV) is an emerging polerovirus of corn and other grass species.
Active histone modifications fine-tune DNA N-6 methyladenine deposition and maintain transcriptional stability biorxiv.org 2026-07-21 Epigenetic mechanisms provide sophisticated regulatory layers that modulate gene expression across diverse organisms, yet their organization and cross
De Novo Design of Protein Switches with Diffusion-Based Ensemble Sampling biorxiv.org 2026-07-21 Protein switches are proteins that can respond to biochemical stimuli by rearranging their structural elements, essential for cells to transduce signa
Cryo-EM structures of Alpha-Synuclein(31-100) amyloid fibrils reveal disease-like structural motifs without reproducing the Parkinson's Disease polymorph biorxiv.org 2026-07-21 The structural diversity of alpha-synuclein amyloid fibrils is closely linked to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease and related synucleinopathies
Localized Rigidification and Allosteric Modulation Mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Neutralization by Class 3 and Class 4 Antibodies at Atomic Resolution: An Integrated Computational Study of Binding, Dynamics, and Allostery biorxiv.org 2026-07-21 The relentless evolution of SARS-CoV-2 and the emergence of highly antibody-evasive variants underscore the need to decipher the molecular principles
Enterococcus faecalis is involved in the progression of the early stages of latent chronic pancreatitis surrounding pancreatic cancer tissue biorxiv.org 2026-07-21 (Objective) In our previous research, we identified latent chronic pancreatitis in the normal tissue surrounding pancreatic cancer.
Caffeinated Coli: Inspiring the Next Generation of Scientists through Synthetic Biology biorxiv.org 2026-07-21 The Caffeinated Coli Educational Module brings inquiry-driven learning to high schools, introducing students to scientific research, synthetic biology
The HIV-1 restriction factor RPRD2 does not inhibit transcription of HIV-1 or endogenous retroelements biorxiv.org 2026-07-21 A vital question in transcription regulation is how and to what extent transcription of different DNA species, including viral DNA, episomal DNA and e
A Novel Plasmid-Encoded Mobile Colistin Resistance Gene mcr-13.1 Detected in Escherichia coli Isolated from Grassland. biorxiv.org 2026-07-21 Plasmid-encoded mobile colistin resistance (mcr) genes have raised concern due to dissemination potential.
Integrative structure determination of a human mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) sub-assembly biorxiv.org 2026-07-22 The Mitochondrial contact site and Cristae Organizing System (MICOS) complex is an inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) assembly present at the cristae
Super-resolution imaging with deep learning-based segmentation for detailed characterization of mitochondrial arrangement in Pompe disease skeletal muscle biorxiv.org 2026-07-22 Pompe disease (glycogen storage disease type II) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder characterized by progressive glycogen accumulati
Geometry-based dynamics of the postsynaptic density explain protein capture by an actin-spine-geometry-dependent synaptic tag biorxiv.org 2026-07-21 The synaptic tagging and capture (STC) hypothesis explains how early-phase plasticity is converted into its late phase through the coincidence of syna