Subthalamic Nucleus Optogenetic Inhibition Bidirectionally Regulates Social Motivation According to Familiarity and Social Hierarchy biorxiv.org 2026-07-02 Background: Social behavior is a core component of mental health, and its disruption characterizes many neuropsychiatric disorders such as autism.
A 3D Brain Geometry Toolkit for Multisite Neuroimaging Analysis biorxiv.org 2026-07-02 Compared to traditional gross volumetrics, surface- based models provide greater spatial precision for understanding brain alterations related to deve
Reward predictability shapes decision making states and exploitative control in marmosets biorxiv.org 2026-07-02 Animals navigating dynamic environments must transition between behavioral states dominated by exploitation of known rewards or exploration of alterna
The Premotor Language Area Encodes a Full Acoustic-to-semantic Speech Hierarchy biorxiv.org 2026-07-02 Classic neurobiological models of human speech and language have emphasized the dominant role of temporal lobe in speech perception, while premotor re
Learning Shapes the Energy Cost of Neural Tasks biorxiv.org 2026-07-02 The stark difference in energy use between AI systems and biological brains highlights both the remarkable efficiency of the brain and our limited und
Zinc Differentially Modulates Tau Aggregation, Fibril Morphology, and Prion-like Seeding in a Construct-Dependent Manner biorxiv.org 2026-07-02 The role of tau fibril structure in seeding and propagation of aggregation remains a central unresolved question in tauopathy biology.
Cryptic RNA binding sites are energetically accessible and chemically addressable biorxiv.org 2026-07-02 Cryptic binding sites generated by local conformational dynamics have become an important concept in protein-targeted ligand discovery, yet their ener
Cell Penetrating Thyclotides Facilitate Efficient Delivery of Bioactive Peptides into Cells biorxiv.org 2026-07-02 Cell penetrating thyclotides (CPTs) are synthetic molecules that promote highly efficient cellular uptake and endosomal escape of bioactive peptides.
Super-Resolution Visual ProteomEx for Hard Tissues and Clinical Samples biorxiv.org 2026-07-02 Correlating nanoscale tissue architecture with unbiased molecular composition within the same specimen remains a fundamental challenge in spatial biol
ELAVL1 and ELAVL4 are required for Musashi-dependent translational activation biorxiv.org 2026-07-02 The RNA-binding proteins Musashi1 and Musashi2 (MSI1 and MSI2) regulate stem cell function and tissue plasticity by modulating mRNA translation.
Particle size determines mucociliary transport mechanisms in normal and cystic fibrosis airways biorxiv.org 2026-07-02 A wide spectrum of microparticles is inhaled with each breath, deposited on airway surfaces, entrapped in the mucus, and removed by mucociliary transp
BacNeMu: neutral mutation spectra reconstruction pipeline for bacteria biorxiv.org 2026-07-02 The mutational spectrum is an increasingly important molecular phenotype that quantitatively describes mutagenesis in a given gene and species, enabli
Synovitis in systemic sclerosis is an interferon-driven stromal condition distinct from rheumatoid arthritis biorxiv.org 2026-07-02 Joint involvement is a major driver of disability in systemic sclerosis (SSc), yet its pathophysiology remains poorly understood.
Application of Machine Learning Tools for Waterbird Colony Monitoring Provides Gains in Precision and Temporal Efficiency biorxiv.org 2026-07-02 Waterbirds serve as important indicators of both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystem health, making effective monitoring essential for tracking populati
Genomic impact of the second plague pandemic on three human populations biorxiv.org 2026-07-02 The second plague pandemic (early 14th-early 19th centuries), which was caused by Yersinia pestis, had a profound demographic, socio-economic and cult
Klf4 overexpression remodels chromatin to reprogram late retinal progenitors toward an retinal ganglion cell-like fate biorxiv.org 2026-07-02 Developing neuron-replacement therapies for retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) lost to injury or disease requires a deeper understanding of how restriction
Refinement and maintenance of receptive field size in primary visual cortex occurs without visual experience in mice biorxiv.org 2026-07-02 A critical step in visual cortical maturation is refinement of receptive field (RF) size, producing higher acuity vision.
Prenatal Cannabidiol and Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol exposure lead to sex-specific disruptions in risk assessment and behavioral switching via divergent rewiring of the adult mPFC biorxiv.org 2026-07-02 Background Prenatal cannabidiol (CBD) consumption is increasing, driven by a perception of safety relative to delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).
Closed-loop optimization of a high-dimensional generative latent space for rhythmic visual response biorxiv.org 2026-07-02 Neural oscillations accompany a wide range of cognitive states and behaviors including perception, memory, and movement, and modulating them is of gro
Simultaneous Functional Ultrasound, Intrinsic Optical Signal and Widefield Calcium Neuroimaging biorxiv.org 2026-07-02 Functional ultrasound (fUS) maps cerebral blood volume (CBV) but lacks molecular and neuronal specificity.
Electroencephalogram recordings in Jhana states: An open dataset biorxiv.org 2026-07-02 The use of meditation as a tool to improve human wellbeing is receiving considerable scientific interest.
Shared Pain, Shared Decisions: How Empathy Shapes Social Conformity Through Physiology and Visual Attention biorxiv.org 2026-07-02 Empathy enables individuals to attune to others' experiences through shared affective, sensorimotor, and neural representations, but its influence on
A Simple Subject Independent Channel Selection in EEG for Motor Imagery Task biorxiv.org 2026-07-01 Classification of motor imagery (MI) tasks through EEG is valuable in brain-computer interfacing and rehabilitation engineering.
Phenotypic inference from sparse tumor genomes informs an explainable deep-learning model for cancer prognosis biorxiv.org 2026-07-01 Somatic genomic alterations are widely profiled in cancer and remain the primary source for personalized therapy, yet their clinical utility is limite
A modular generalist-specialist AI framework for ROI selection across spatial profiling workflow biorxiv.org 2026-07-01 Selection of regions of interest (ROIs) is often a crucial step in spatial molecular profiling and many pathology tasks, with substantial implications
Acute ketamine treatment produces long-term anxiolytic effects despite increasing oxidative stress in female Wistar Kyoto rats biorxiv.org 2026-07-01 Treatment-resistant depression and anxiety remain major challenges in psychiatry, particularly in female patients, who are disproportionately affected
Age-Dependent Spatiotemporal Remodeling of Brain Sphingolipids During LPS-Induced Neuroinflammation: MALDI-MSI Reveals Accelerated Sphingomyelin Depletion and Sulfatide Accumulation Linked to Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress biorxiv.org 2026-07-01 Aging is a major risk factor for exacerbated neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases, yet the underlying lipid metabolic mechanisms remain in
HARMONY: A large-scale harmonized neuroimaging dataset for research on anxious misery disorders biorxiv.org 2026-07-01 Patterns of brain circuit dysfunction underlying depression and anxiety have been increasingly characterized, including dimensional and subtype variat
Cryo-EM reveals alternative modes of dimerization driving activation of IKK biorxiv.org 2026-07-01 The inhibitor of {kappa}B kinase (IKK) complex integrates diverse cellular inflammatory responses, and induces transcription factor NF-{kappa}B.
Unveiling the Hidden Rules: Enhancing NMD Prediction for Protein-Truncating Variants biorxiv.org 2026-07-01 Nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) is a conserved RNA quality-control pathway that degrades transcripts containing premature termination codons.