MTB-LysB1: A Novel Endolysin Against Multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis biorxiv.org 2026-07-13 The phenotypic plasticity, slow replication, and complex, hydrophobic cell envelope of Mycobacterium tuberculosis contribute to its successful surviva
A unique compact genomic island co-localizing iron and anammox genes in Candidatus Brocadia sinica, but not in other species biorxiv.org 2026-07-13 Anammox bacteria require large amounts of iron for hydrazine synthase (HZS) and hydrazine oxidoreductase (HZO).
Machine learning-guided discovery of a conserved plasmid proteomic signature enables MALDI-TOF MS detection of pOXA-48-carrying Enterobacterales biorxiv.org 2026-07-13 OXA-48 carbapenemases are among the most widespread and important resistance mechanisms in Enterobacterales.
Non-ribosomal Peptides as Structural Determinants of Fungal Hydrophobicity biorxiv.org 2026-07-13 Fungal surfaces must remain hydrophobic to enable growth, dispersal, and survival under fluctuating environmental conditions, yet the molecular basis
An overlooked microbial pathway links organic nitrogen turnover in composts to nitrous oxide formation biorxiv.org 2026-07-13 Biological N2O production from organic nitrogen is generally assumed to require canonical nitrification, which generates oxidized nitrogen that subseq
Capabilities, specificity gaps and training-data dependence of AlphaFold3 across diverse application areas biorxiv.org 2026-07-13 Structure prediction models have moved from single proteins to assemblies that include diverse biomolecules and their modifications.
TEDlm: domain-centric protein language models with optional structural pre-training biorxiv.org 2026-07-13 Conventional protein language models are pretrained on full-length sequences that interleave multiple domains with linkers and disordered regions, dil
In vitro EAS-mediated activity of Alternaria toxins biorxiv.org 2026-07-13 Alternaria mycotoxins represent an emerging concern due to their frequent occurrence in food and feed.
AlfaDAX-Derived ActRIIA/B Antibody with Semaglutide Enhances Fat Loss and Improves Weight-Loss Quality in DIO Mice biorxiv.org 2026-07-13 GLP 1 receptor agonists achieve weight loss but are associated with clinically significant reductions in lean mass.
The copine protein NRA-1 regulates activity-dependent cholinergic signalling and sensory integration in C. elegans biorxiv.org 2026-07-13 Membrane-associated proteins regulate the localisation and function of ligand-gated ion channels, yet how they shape synaptic efficacy and behaviour r
Myosin 5A mediates membrane-associated periodic skeleton reassembly during axon regeneration in response to ROCK-2 inhibition biorxiv.org 2026-07-13 The membrane-associated periodic skeleton (MPS) is a submembrane lattice composed of actin rings and spectrin tetramers that repeats every 190 nm alon
Restoring Parkin Function: An AAV Gene Therapy Approach for Early-Onset Parkinson's Disease biorxiv.org 2026-07-13 Background: Biallelic loss-of-function mutations in PRKN gene (encoding Parkin protein) cause early-onset Parkinsons disease (EOPD).
A preliminary study of HMGB1 defense in Crohn's disease biorxiv.org 2026-07-13 Introduction: Intestinal barrier failure is a key characteristic of both kinds of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn'
Long dsRNA on the move: Extracellular vesicles deliver dsRNA for antiviral protection in human cells biorxiv.org 2026-07-13 Viruses make long (>40 bp) double stranded RNA (LdsRNA) during replication, which stimulates the innate antiviral immune response.
Potential of exogenous biological nitrification inhibitor addition to improve soil nitrogen availability for crop growth. biorxiv.org 2026-07-13 Modern agriculture is characterized by substantial fertilizer nitrogen (N) losses from soils, resulting in low crop N-use efficiency.
Higher-order assembly of a type IX retron enables exploitation for designer antimicrobials biorxiv.org 2026-07-13 Bacterial defense systems provide a rich reservoir for biotechnological innovation.
Resistance to the conjugation inhibitor AZT reveals mating partner incompatibility during plasmid transfer biorxiv.org 2026-07-13 Plasmid-mediated dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is a major driver of antimicrobial resistance (AMR).
Seasonal dynamics of microbial communities mediate aroma and flavour formation during palm sap fermentation biorxiv.org 2026-07-13 In many tropical countries, fermentation of palm sap into palm wine is an important fermented beverage contributing to local economies, tradition, and
Crop-associated differences in soil chemical properties and root-associated bacterial communities between Welsh onion and sweet potato biorxiv.org 2026-07-13 Crop species may shape soil chemical properties and root-associated microbiota, but direct comparisons between contrasting crops remain limited.
BR-bodies link RNA homeostasis to stress tolerance and intracellular fitness in Brucella biorxiv.org 2026-07-13 Bacterial gene expression depends on the coordinated regulation of RNA synthesis, processing, and decay.
Beyond efficacy: Persistence and off-target effects of three biological nitrification inhibitors in two contrasting agricultural soils biorxiv.org 2026-07-13 The use of nitrogen (N) fertilizers to meet global food demands is expected to continue rising.
PEONY: a global reference database of DNA viral (vOTU) sequences from viral size-fractionated metagenomes (viromes) biorxiv.org 2026-07-13 We present an update to the PIGEON (Phages and Integrated Genomes Encapsidated or Not) reference database of DNA viral sequences (vOTUs, mostly dsDNA
Co-dissemination of anti-phage defence systems and multidrug resistance is associated with the seventh-pandemic Vibrio cholerae defensome biorxiv.org 2026-07-13 Anti-phage defence systems in Vibrio cholerae are increasingly recognised as cargo on mobile genetic elements (MGE) that also carry antimicrobial resi
Determinants of dicentric chromosome breakage in Drosophila biorxiv.org 2026-07-13 Eukaryotic genomes often have fragile sites where chromosomes are particularly prone to break.
Asymmetric Structural Transfer Between Natural Language and Biological Foundation Models biorxiv.org 2026-07-13 Cross-domain transfer is a defining property of foundation models, yet whether such transfer is symmetric across domains remains unknown.
Evolutionary history and microbial cross-feeding shape lifestyle-stratified dominance of Bifidobacterium longum subspecies in infants biorxiv.org 2026-07-13 Bifidobacterium longum (Bl.) is a key early-life gut symbiont, yet its evolutionary origin and mechanisms underlying the global biogeographic distribu
Airway Diameter-Matched Injury Improves Severity and Reproducibility of Experimental Rabbit Tracheal Stenosis biorxiv.org 2026-07-13 Objective Reliable animal models of tracheal stenosis are necessary for the development and translational testing of anti-fibrotic and regenerative th
Cue-guided performance is disrupted during pedunculotegmental-induced motor arrest biorxiv.org 2026-07-13 Optogenetic stimulation of the rostral pedunculotegmental nucleus (PTg) induces global motor arrest, but it remains unclear whether this is merely a s
Augmenting Speech Comprehension using Rapid Frequency Tagging biorxiv.org 2026-07-13 Speech comprehension under adverse listening conditions benefits from visual speech, but whether visual input can be modulated to improve listening re
Testicular but not ovarian hormones shape patch-leaving adaptation and impulsive choice in rats biorxiv.org 2026-07-13 Hormonal regulation of patch-leaving decision-making remains poorly understood.